Stockholm-Arlanda Airport

Stockholm-Arlanda Airport
IATA: ARN – ICAO: ESSA
Summary
Airport type		Public
Operator		Swedavia
Serves		Stockholm, Uppsala
Location		Sigtuna Municipality
Hub for		Nextjet Norwegian Air Shuttle Scandinavian Airlines Skyways Express TUIfly Nordic
Elevation AMSL		42 m / 137 ft
Website		www.arlanda.com
Runways
Direction	Length		Surface
	m	ft
01L/19R	3,301	10,830	Concrete/Asphalt
01R/19L	2,500	8,201	Asphalt
08/26	2,500	8,202	Concrete/Asphalt
Statistics (2009)
Passengers total			16,064,000
International passengers			12,114,747
Domestic passengers			3,949,253
Sources: Swedish AIP at EUROCONTROL[1] Swedavia[2]

Stockholm-Arlanda Airport (IATA: ARN, ICAO: ESSA), is an international airport located in the Sigtuna Municipality of Sweden, near the town of Märsta, 37 km (23 mi) north^[1] of Stockholm and nearly 40 km (25 mi), by road, south-east of Uppsala.

The airport is located within Stockholm County and the province of Uppland. It is the largest airport in Sweden, and the third largest airport in the Nordic countries. The airport was used by 16.1 million passengers in 2009, with 12.1 million international passengers and 3.9 million domestic.^[2] It is one of three major hubs of Scandinavian Airlines.

History

The airport was first used in 1959, but only for practice flights. In 1960, it opened for general traffic, and in 1962 the official opening ceremony took place. It was used for intercontinental traffic already in 1960 since the runway of Bromma was too short. The name Arlanda was decided after a competition prior to the airport opening. It is derived from Arland, an old name for the parish Ärlinghundra (now Husby-Ärlinghundra in Märsta) where the airport is situated. The '-a' was added in analogy with other Swedish place names ending with -landa, and also makes the name a pun on the Swedish verb "landa", which means "to land".

In 1983 the domestic traffic moved from Bromma to Arlanda, using the terminal now known as Terminal 4. In 1990 two new domestic terminals called "Domestic 2 and 3" were built south of the first domestic terminal. In 1992 the terminal 2 was partly abandoned because of traffic decrease. It started to be used for international traffic the year after, and the main domestic and international terminals are renumbered into 4 and 5. The third runway was built 1998-2002. Due to low passenger figures in 2002 it wasn't used until 2003, at which time protests were raised by people living under its flight path.

Terminals

The airport has four terminals. Terminals 2 and 5 are used for international flights. Domestic flights are in Terminals 3 and 4. The new central building, Arlanda North, opened late 2003, connecting terminal 5 with the newly built Pier F. All international flights handled by SAS and its Star Alliance partners use the new central building. An Arlanda South building, connecting terminals 2, 3 and 4, was also planned, but construction is currently suspended due to lack of funds.

Terminal 2 - International (Arlanda South)

• In 1990 two new domestic terminals called "Domestic 2 and 3" were built south of the first domestic terminal. In 1992 the terminal 2 was partly abandoned because of traffic decrease. It started to be used for international traffic the year after, now named just "Terminal 2".
• The terminal is mostly traficked by low-cost airlines.

Terminal 3 - Regional (Arlanda South)

• Terminal 3 was built before 1990 for smaller planes. People walk outdoors from the gates and board the planes with airstairs.

Terminal 4 - Domestic (Arlanda South)

• Terminal 4, formerly Inrikes 1 was originally designed for the Swedish domestic carrier Linjeflyg, and initiated in 1983. Linjeflyg and Scandinavian Airlines moved all operations from Stockholm-Bromma Airport to the new terminal at Arlanda in 1984. This was made to assemble the domestic and international departures between Scandinavian Airlines and Linjeflyg, but the terminal was unfortunately 25% underdimensioned from the beginning. For that reason Inrikes 2 was set up for SAS, who moved all domestic flights from Inrikes 1 to the new terminal in 1990.
• Because of a recession in Swedish economy SAS wanted to move back in 1992, and again the two carriers shared the terminal. Also in 1992 the terminal got a new name, Terminal 4. Since 1999 the terminal has had its own express station for high-speed trains, connecting the terminal with Stockholm Central Station and Terminal 5. In 2006, the terminal underwent a major renovation, the first since it was built in 1983.

Terminal 5 - International (Arlanda North)

• In addition to the scheduled services listed, all charter flights are handled at Terminal 5

Airlines and destinations

Arlanda control tower

Terminal 5

Terminal 5 departures

^2 : All of Norwegian Air Shuttle's international flights depart from Terminal 2; however, non-Schengen arrivals are handled at terminal 5.

Cargo operators

In addition to being a busy passenger airport Stockholm-Arlanda is also a major cargo hub. Some of the operators include:

• British Airways World Cargo
• Cathay Pacific Cargo
• China Airlines
• DHL
• Jetpak Fokker 50 ARN - MST - MMX - ARN - HEL - ARN
• FedEx
• Korean Air Cargo
• TNT Airways Moved to Stockholm Västerås Airport
• UPS
• Time Matters Fokker 50 ARN - MST - MMX - ARN - HEL - ARN

There were 152,400 tonnes of air cargo passing Arlanda during 2007^[3].

Airport layout

Arlanda has three runways: Runway 1 (01L-19R), Runway 2 (08-26), Runway 3 (01R-19L). Runway 1 is 3,300 m (10,827 ft) long and can handle take-offs and landings of the heaviest aircraft in use today. Runways 2 and 3 are 2,500 m (8,202 ft) long. As indicated, runways 1 and 3 are parallel runways that can be operated independently of one another. Runway 3 is equipped with CAT III for instrument landings. The airport administration claims to be world-leading at clearing snow from the runways. Arlanda has a policy to never close due to snowfall.^[4] Heavy snowfall can however cause long delays.

Arlanda has 5 terminals for air cargo and 5 aircraft hangars. The number of aircraft parking places is approximately 100. Arlanda has been listed as one of the many emergency landing sites for NASA's Space Shuttle^[5] (most likely on account of its relatively long main runway).

Facilities and services

• 35 stores
• 33 restaurants
• 3 hotels
• 2 banks
• 1 pharmacy
• 1 chapel
• Conference facilities
  • 49 conference rooms
  • 6,300 m² conference space
  • Exhibition hall for up to 1,000 delegates

Lounges

• Finnair Lounge, Terminal 2 (Oneworld Business/First Class passengers )
• Lounge Novia, Terminal 5 (Contract Lounge)
• SAS Business Lounge, Terminal 5 (Star Alliance/SAS Group Business/First Class passengers)
• SAS Scandinavian Lounge, Terminal 5 (Star Alliance/SAS Group Gold Card Holders)
• SAS Stockholm Lounge, Terminal 4 (Star Alliance/SAS Group Gold Card Holders)

Ground transportation

Arlanda Express

Stockholm

Rail

Arlanda airport rail services
SL SJ UL AEX Uppsala C Knivsta Arlanda North Arlanda Central Arlanda South Märsta Rosersberg Upplands Väsby   Rotebro Norrviken Häggvik Sollentuna Helenelund Ulriksdal Solna Karlberg Stockholm C SL SJ AEX

The fastest way to the airport from Stockholm Central Station is the Arlanda Express high-speed train service.

One can also use the Upptåget trains that go between Uppsala and Upplands Väsby and change in Upplands Väsby to suburban train to Stockholm. This option is suitable if the goal is a place along the suburban train network.

Express trains operated by SJ to Stockholm Central Station and Uppsala also stop at Märsta station.

Bus

Flygbussarna and SL ply coaches to and from the airport which stop at several locations in northern Stockholm County as well as Stockholm City Centre and Stockholm Central Station.

Taxi

All taxi companies are required to offer fixed prices when going from the airport, which takes away the guess-work of how much the fare will cost (one can still request use of the taxi meter). Most major companies also offer fixed prices to the airport.

Uppsala and further north

Upptåget, operated by UL, is a commuter train service covering Upplands Väsby – Stockholm-Arlanda Airport – Uppsala – Gävle.

Buses operated by Upplands Lokaltrafik travel between Stockholm-Arlanda Airport and Uppsala (bus no. 801 and 802) as well as Enköping to the west (bus no. 803).

Long-distance trains called Intercity or X2000 operated by SJ go to locations north of Stockholm-Arlanda Airport. Passengers are not permitted to use long-distance trains to go to the Stockholm Central Station; no such tickets are sold.

Airport parking

Terminal parking, short-term and long-term parking is available at the airport. The low price long-term parking requires a free shuttle bus ride. The bus departes every 8–15 minutes.

Environment

There is ongoing work to limit Arlanda's negative impact on the environment. Flying aircraft, airport facilities and traffic to and from the airport pollute all the immediate environment with emissions of noise and chemicals, and affect the global environment by emissions of greenhouse gases. In an effort to save electricity, buildings on Arlanda use district heating with biofuels and district cooling using water from a nearby lake. The take-off charges for aircraft are based on the environmental performance of the aircraft and Arlanda is experimenting with Continuous Descent Approach landings, often referred to as "green landings". Fuel for the aircraft is transported by rail and pipeline. The train to the plane service Arlanda Express was built in order to reduce pollution from traffic to and from the airport. Airplane fuel is since around 2006 delivered by boat to Gävle and train from there to Märsta and from there through pipeline. Previously fuel was delviered by boat to Stockholm and then by trucks through the Stockholm city to Arlanda.

Accidents and incidents

• 1 November 1969: A Linjeflyg Convair 440 registered as SE-BSU suffered an accident while being used for training purposes. After a simulated engine failure at take-off the left wing contacted the ground and the aircraft crash-landed after the nose and main landing gear collapsed. None of the four persons on board were killed, but the aircraft was written off.^[6]
• 5 January 1970: A Spantax Convair 990 registered as EC-BNM on a ferry flight from Stockholm-Arlanda Airport to Zürich Airport (ZRH) crashed while climbing after take-off. The aircraft had been scheduled for a charter flight earlier in the day, but the flight was cancelled after the no. 4 engine developed trouble. The decision was made to ferry the aircraft using three engines to Zurich for repairs and the aircraft departed at 10:54 p.m. from runway 19 (currently runway 19R). The aircraft contacted trees approximately 1,800 m (5,906 ft) from the point of lift-off. Five of the 10 passengers and crew on board were killed and the aircraft was written off.^[7]
• 14 July 1973: A Sterling Airways Sud Aviation Caravelle registered as OY-SAN taxied into an obstruction and was written off as being damaged beyond repair.^[8]
• 25 January 1974: Scandinavian Airlines Sud Aviation Caravelle registered as OY-KRA was damaged beyond repair and written off.^[9]
• 26 May 1977: An Antonov 24 belonging to Aeroflot registered as SSSR-46806 on a scheduled flight from Donetsk Airport (DOK) to Riga Airport (RIX) was hijacked by a single hijacker who demanded to be taken to Sweden where the hijacker surrendered releasing the 23 passengers and crew.^[10]
• 14 November 1978: An Aeroflot Tupolev 154 registered as SSSR-85286 on a scheduled flight from Stockholm-Arlanda Airport to Moskva-Sheremetyevo Airport (SVO) aborted its take-off after having reached rotation speed. The aircraft overran the runway and while none of the 74 passengers or crew was injured the aircraft suffered substantial damage.^[11]
• 27 February 1979: An Aeroflot Tupolev 154 on a flight from Oslo to Stockholm with a continuation to Moscow was taken over by three hijackers. After landing in Stockholm they were overpowered by the aircraft's crew.^[12]
• 16 August 1980 While landing during a thunderstorm, a JAT B 707 YU-AGG received strong tailwind and overran runway 26, blowing several tyres and receiveingmud in all four engines. There were no fatalities in the incident.
• 6 January 1987: A Transwede Sud Aviation Caravelle registered as SE-DEC on a non-scheduled flight from Stockholm-Arlanda Airport to Alicante Airport (ALC) encountered problems after take-off most likely caused by ice. The aircraft hit the runway hard causing the landing gear to fail and the aircraft slid off the runway and caught fire. None of the 27 passengers and crew was killed but the aircraft was written off and subsequently used by the airport's ARFF as a fire and rescue training aircraft.^[13]
• 27 December 1991: Scandinavian Airlines Flight 751, a McDonnell Douglas MD-81, registered as OY-KHO, a scheduled flight from Stockholm-Arlanda Airport to Warsaw-Frederic Chopin Airport (WAW) with a stopover in Copenhagen-Kastrup Airport (CPH) crashed shortly after take-off due to a dual engine failure when clear ice, which had formed during the night, was not properly removed during de-icing, broke off and was ingested into the engines. None of the 129 passengers and crew was killed but the aircraft was written off.^[14]
• 20 February 1993: A hijacker on board an Aeroflot Tupolev 134 on a scheduled flight between Tyumen Airport (TJM) and Saint Petersburg-Pulkovo Airport (LED) demanded to be taken to the USA. The aircraft first made a refueling stop in Tallinn where 30 passengers were released, after which the aircraft was flown to Stockholm where the hijacker demanded a larger aircraft to be flown to the U.S. After having released 12 more passengers, the hijacker, who was accompanied by his wife and child, surrendered, releasing the remaining 40 passengers and crew.^[15]
• 7 October 1997: A BAC One-Eleven belonging to Tarom registered as YR-BCM on a scheduled flight from Bucharest-Otopeni International Airport (OTP) to Stockholm-Arlanda Airport suffered a failure of the nosewheel steering after touching down heavily on runway 26. As the airplane slowed down the commander discovered that he could not control the aircraft which departed the runway and continued into the grassy area to on the right side. The aircraft slowed down softly and when it came to a stop the passengers and crew were able to disembark using the normal exits. The aircraft was written off and taken to Halmstad by Le Caravelle Club to be used as a fire trainer.^[16]
• 8 October 1999: A Saab 2000 belonging to SAS Commuter registered as SE-SLF called "Eir Viking" ran into a closed hangar door. At the time it was supposedly being taxied by two engineers or technicians. The two persons on board received some injuries and the aircraft was written off.^[17]
• 16 January 2010: An Iran Air Airbus A300, flight IR762, left the runway during the takeoff roll at low speed. None of the 149 passengers on board were injured, although runway 01L/19R was closed after the incident.^[18]

Jumbohostel

In 2009, the Jumbohostel opened. A decommissioned Boeing 747 has been converted to a hostel, offering 72 beds. It is located at the entrance to the airport.^[19]

See also

• Stockholm-Bromma Airport
• Stockholm-Skavsta Airport
• Stockholm-Västerås Airport
• Swedish Civil Aviation Administration
• List of the largest airports in the Nordic countries
• List of airports in Sweden

References

External links

• Stockholm-Arlanda Airport, official site
• Current weather for ESSA at NOAA/NWS
• Accident history for ARN at Aviation Safety Network